Essay Topics - A Number of Important Ethic Essay Topics You Should Know

Essay Topics - A Number of Important Ethic Essay Topics You Should KnowYour Ethic Essay topics should cover various specific topics. Keep in mind that in order to make sure you have covered a vast variety of topics, you will need to use the simplest ones. While the topics listed are some of the basic essentials, your Ethic Essay topics may be varied. They should all fit into one of the following categories.Hypotheses: Arguments you formulate regarding why it is unethical to do a particular thing. It may be unethical to do this or unethical to do that. It may be unethical to play on the emotions of children to get their attention. It may be unethical to treat young animals with cruelty and neglect. Any of these types of ethical topics may help in providing an opportunity to write a good Ethic Essay topic.Ethical Principles: These are the most basic types of ethical issues. They include honesty, integrity, fairness, and compassion. It should be said that these ethical principles are on ly an outline. You will need to formulate a solid system of rules. You can do this by examining some of the common ethical norms.Ethics Verities: Ethics can mean different things to different people. The fact that they have the same meaning for all people means that their usage is always the same. For this reason, ethics topics can never become too abstract and complicated. This can be overcome by defining exactly what you mean by ethical and then applying it.Moral Issues: Ethical topics can often be described as moral issues. This type of ethical topic will need to be examined to make sure it has validity and relevance. People, animals, and the environment are affected by certain actions and choices. When people choose to pursue a certain path they might end up in a bad situation.Corporate Policy: Corporate policy will always be a great Ethic Essay topic. A good corporate policy will help ensure that the company is taking advantage of the current legal system. Therefore, ethical is sues are always of great importance in the business world. Whenever someone helps the company in any way, then it is considered good corporate policy.The topics above may seem to be the most basic types of ethical topics. However, there are many other types of ethical topics that can also be very helpful in helping you produce a good Ethic Essay topic. While the topics above may seem to be the basics, there are many other topics that can be quite useful in helping you in your writing.

Strategic Communication Campaign for Society- MyAssignmenthelp

Question: Discuss about theStrategic Communication Campaign for Society. Answer: Introduction writing and then according to planning, communication strategies are implemented(Eder, 2007). The structure followed inStrategic Communicationinvolves strategic planning which includes corporate communication, relations with the Government, Society, Community, Investors Strategic Communication can be defined as a branch of study which deals within which maximum effective manner the individuals and the organizations communicate and use different types of media to confer their functions intheir Country or globally(Halloran, 2007). Public Relations( P.R.)is one of the key elements of strategic communications and it is the study regarding the manner by which the individuals and organizations can influence the perceptions, opinions and the behavioral patterns of key publics which includesConsumers/ Customers, Government, Society, Community, media and so on.The operational procedure of Strategic Communicationinvolves strategic communication planning. The steps of planning are researching, writing, editing and final, Public Relations, marketing communication and internal communication.Acommunications planinvolves media activities, internal and externalcommunications, organization's priorities, targeted people (audience, viewers) and all the resources of the organization(Zerfass A. , 2008). The scope of this essay includes strategic communication campaign for IKEA and its analysis thereof. Campaign Details Campaign can be defined as an aggressive series of activities with an objective or objectives towards the targeted people (consumers, Government, media, society, community and others) as discussed above(Ham, 2008). Campaigning may involves advertisement through media including television, radio, print media, digital media,in some cases road campaign also happens. The motive of campaigning is to influence the concept, opinion and finally the behavioral pattern of targeted people in favor of the campaigners. The scope of this essay analyses the case study of IKEA the Swedish furniture giant. IKEA is a retailer that has adapted itself to the rapidly changing world. Currently it works on multichannel distribution and communication strategy. IKEA wants to reach manyconsumers on each local market. IKEA uses various channels outside the store to explain its offer, maintaining customers requirements (Linke, 2012). The communication strategy successfully combines the physical outlet with online shopping systems. The well known channel is the IKEA Catalog, which is very helpful to the customers, besides this websites, publications, brochures, advertising and Public Relations are also there. IKEA also communicate the store design in a very distinctive style such as flat pack self assembled furniture of Swedish pattern, distinctive color in corporate uniform, poster on walls, elevators, restaurants, corporate logos and staff uniform, consistent messages, images and schemes in caf, rest rooms. The costly high street network visually attracts the existing and new customers. IKEA has very successfully developed their integrated communication and distribution channels in such a manner that it is more likely to withstand difficult economic times and survive for a long time along with its growth (Mahoney, 2011). If a campaign fails, it is due to the inability to identify the proper target, lack of correct success matrix, insufficient research, creating a wrong message to the consumers, allotment of insufficient time for the campaign, failure to meet the regulatory and brand compliance guide lines, failure of the products short of claim. The campaigning pattern should be changed and monitored according to the external and internal environments of the organizations and the organizations also should act on the basis of feedback collected after each campaign(Zerfass A. V., 2012). The Best Ideas in Campaign The best ideas in a campaign are to increase the awareness regarding the issues for which the campaigning is done, to market a new or customized product, to increase the sales of products, to market an unknown, new or small company, to build a business relation with the consumers, to provide facilities to the consumers for the enhancement of sales of the products and so on(Meredith, 2012). As for example, Earth share Ohio is an organization in U.S. it deals with the issues like Greening business, coping up with climate change, reduction of Global warming, Conservation of land, parks,water, wild life protection and so on. if people come to know about them, the people will be benefited by spending money and the company will also earn. It is a win-win situation. The Worst Ideas in Campaign If the purpose of the campaigner is to influence the targeted people in a negative manner or to buy substandard products by telling lies. As for example, some processed food company says that their products are good and contain no harmful preservatives but actually the products have high quantity of harmful preservatives this is very unfair and is a criminal offence(Dziuda, 2011). These sorts of activities are somewhat possible in some countries but not everywhere. Central Approach The central approach of campaigning involves influencing the concept, perception, opinion and finally the behavioral pattern of targeted people in favor of the campaigners. The expected result of campaigning is to influence or mould targeted people towards the desired of the campaigners but at the same time, the campaigners or the campaigning organizations must adhere to the ethics involved(Hallahan, 2007). The central approach of campaigning is agreeable. Ethical Concerns The general ethics in a campaign are as follows; Communicating a wrong message to the consumers/ customers. Not meeting the regulatory and brand compliance guide lines. Not maintaining the product or service quality according to claim. Telling lies in the campaign. Adoption of unfair means. As the campaigning procedure is agreeable which maintains all the ethics involved in it. Otherwise the organizations or individuals are supposed to lose their loyalty to the consumers and in future they can be in deep trouble; apart from these the campaigners earn bad names which oppose their growth in future(Mazzei, 2012). The worst factors are losing consumers and Governments faith. My suggestions to any campaigner are to be within its ethical boundary. Lessons from Campaign Whatever I become in future either a corporate or an entrepreneur, I will have to go through Strategic communication or campaigning is one of the vital parts of that. So before campaigning I will go through sufficient research procedure, identify the appropriate success matrix, provide enough time to the campaigning, meet the regulatory and brand compliance guide lines, according to claim in the campaigning, I will maintain the quality of my products or services to the consumers(Holtzhausen, 2014). Ideas for Future Strategic Communication The following points I will always keep in mind- I will go for ideation, research and goal setting, organize my ideas to identify the opportunities with the maximum potential. I will put my best efforts to know my targeted persona and identify the factors which will resonate(Steyn, 2012). I will put my best efforts to deliver the optimum values. There is a proverb as the customer is always right, so, if I can provide them what they want, they will be happy and I will also win. While setting goals or targets, I will have to be as specific as possible. Once identification of the ripe opportunity is over, I will have to be super specific regarding my expectations from the marketing campaign. I will have to build an appropriate campaign landing page to inspire the actions. After all the customers want a flawless and delightful marketing experience. After every campaign I launch, I will have to create a dedicated landing page. After the implementation of all the required activities, the campaign will have to be promoted by TV channels, emails, press release, co-marketing initiatives etc. so, distribution and promotion must not be an afterthought(Tatham, 2008). Each and every marketing campaign requires a corresponding social media campaign to spread globally. From social media feedback will have to be collected and the questions or comments must be responded with. Apart from all these discussed above, I will always abide by the rules and regulations and ethics which are as follows. I will deliberately- Never communicate a wrong message to the consumers/ customers. Never provide wrong assurance Never adopt any unfair means. I will dedicatedly follow the above mentioned points while campaigning as a part of Strategic Communication. Reference Lists Dziuda, W. 2011. Strategic argumentation. . Journal of Economic Theory, 1362-1397. Eder, M. K. 2007. Toward strategic communication. OFFICE OF THE CHIEF OF PUBLIC AFFAIRS (ARMY) WASHINGTON DC. Hallahan, K. H. 2007. Defining strategic communication. International journal of strategic communication, 3-35. Halloran, R. 2007. Strategic communication. . Parameters, 4. Ham, S. H. 2008. Asking visitors to help: research to guide strategic communication in protected area management. Holtzhausen, D. . 2014. The Routledge handbook of strategic communication. Routledge. Linke, A. . 2012. Future trends in social media use for strategic organisation communication: esults of a Delphi study. . Public Communication Review. Mahoney, J. 2011. Horizons in strategic communication: Theorising a paradigm shift. International Journal of Strategic Communication, 143-153. Mazzei, A. K. 2012. Strategic value of employee relationships and communicative actions: Overcoming corporate crisis with quality internal communication. International Journal of Strategic Communication, 31-44. Meredith, M. J. 2012. Strategic communication and social media: An MBA course from a business communication perspective. Business Communication Quarterly, 89-95. Steyn, B. 2012. Strategic management roles of the corporate communication function (Doctoral dissertation). Tatham, S. A. 2008. Strategic communication: a primer. Defence Academy of the United Kingdom, Advanced Research and Assessment Group. Zerfass, A. 2008. Corporate communication revisited: Integrating business strategy and strategic communication. In Public relations research. VS Verlag fr Sozialwissenschaften., 65-96. Zerfass, A. V. 2012). European Communication Monitor 2012: Challenges and competencies for strategic communication: Results of an empirical survey in 42 countries.

Water conservation Essay Example For Students

Water conservation Essay Specific Purpose:To persuade my audience to conserve and protect our oceans and fresh water supply. Central Idea:Our water is a treasured resource that should be protected for our future generations I.About 70% of the earths surface is covered with water. (show globe) A.Of all this water, only . 3% is usable by humans, the remaining 99.7% is either unusable salt water or unavailable fresh water. (show graph #1) B.Much of the useable .3% is out of reach and locked up in icecaps and glaciers. II. We all know that water is important. A.Plants and animals need clean water to survive. B.People cannot survive more than a few days without water. C. We will write a custom essay on Water conservation specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now Almost everything we do uses water: drinking, bathing, growing food and gardens, even making the toys and tools we use today. III.Although water covers most of the earth, all of us share less that 1% of all the water on earth. A.The water we have now is all we will ever have. We can not produce anymore. B.Water is a commodity that is essential to all life on this planet, and it needs our help. It is our responsibility to not only conserve our water supply, but to clean it up as well. I.Most people do not know this, but our fresh water supply has never been abundant. A. Statistics indicate that the world will be severely challenged to conserve what little there will be in the next century. B.In 1998, 30 nations possessed less than the minimum supply of water required by a human to meet the basic needs of the nations population. C.For Florida, management of our water resource is critical as population demands increase, especially in the coastal counties. II. We not only have to consider conserving our water supply, but cleaning it up as well. A.As we enter a new millennium, it is appropriate to keep in mind how much weve already done to clean up our polluted waterways, how much further we still have to go, and the role that each of you can play to get the job done. B.Water pollution touches everyones lives in many ways. C. Humans and wildlife alike suffer a multitude of health problems due to exposure to toxic chemicals found in our water supply. 1.An example of this in humans is a tragedy, which took place in Wisconsin in 1993. More than 100 people died from an intestinal virus linked to contaminated water from farmland runoff where live stock grazed. 2.Another example of how pollution effects wildlife is a tragedy which took place all along the beaches from New Jersey to Florida in 1987 1988 when 2,500 Bottlenose dolphins washed up dead due to morbillivirus infections, which was the result of compromised immune systems due to chemical toxins. III.The effects of water pollution on human health can be deadly. (show picture #2) A.Each of us, no matter how carefully we watch what we eat and drink, has traces of industrial chemicals and pesticides in our bodies. It is unavoidable. B. The toxins enter our bodies through the food we eat, the water we drink, and the air we breathe. 1.Most of these toxins are fat-soluble and remain in our bodies for long periods. 2.Pregnant women can pass these toxins to her infant through her placenta and then later through her breast milk. This can cause many devastating effects in the babys key stages of development. C.Some of the toxic effects of chemicals found in our water supply include: learning impairment hyperactivity in children, lowered sperm count in men, immune system disorders, and cancer. IV.Only time will tell the extent of the damage, but we are already seeing serious genetic damage in many species of wildlife that are dependent on the same water supply we are. (show Picture #3) A.The effects often show up sooner in wildlife than in humans. .uc7ed385ed396134ed8352a13dbb7a1ef , .uc7ed385ed396134ed8352a13dbb7a1ef .postImageUrl , .uc7ed385ed396134ed8352a13dbb7a1ef .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .uc7ed385ed396134ed8352a13dbb7a1ef , .uc7ed385ed396134ed8352a13dbb7a1ef:hover , .uc7ed385ed396134ed8352a13dbb7a1ef:visited , .uc7ed385ed396134ed8352a13dbb7a1ef:active { border:0!important; } .uc7ed385ed396134ed8352a13dbb7a1ef .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .uc7ed385ed396134ed8352a13dbb7a1ef { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .uc7ed385ed396134ed8352a13dbb7a1ef:active , .uc7ed385ed396134ed8352a13dbb7a1ef:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .uc7ed385ed396134ed8352a13dbb7a1ef .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .uc7ed385ed396134ed8352a13dbb7a1ef .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .uc7ed385ed396134ed8352a13dbb7a1ef .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .uc7ed385ed396134ed8352a13dbb7a1ef .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .uc7ed385ed396134ed8352a13dbb7a1ef:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .uc7ed385ed396134ed8352a13dbb7a1ef .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .uc7ed385ed396134ed8352a13dbb7a1ef .uc7ed385ed396134ed8352a13dbb7a1ef-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .uc7ed385ed396134ed8352a13dbb7a1ef:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Mozarts Life ( Brief Summary) Essay B.Our wildlife has no choice but to depend on the nearest stream, lake, or pond for its water whether its polluted or not. C.The National Wildlife Federation has fully documented that the toxic effects of chemicals in polluted waters include damage to an animals endocrine and reproductive systems. I.Believe it or not, state and federal agencies still allow the legal, permitted discharge of even the most dangerous chemicals into our nations waters. (show diagram #4) A.This is a diagram, which shows how each state, rates on testing its waters and taking steps to protect its watersheds. B.As you .

The Prairie Schooner, Americas Classic Covered Wagon

The Prairie Schooner, Americas Classic Covered Wagon The prairie schooner was the classic covered wagon that carried settlers westward across the North American plains. The nickname came from the typical white cloth cover on the wagon, which, from a distance, made it resemble the white cloth of a ships sails. Prairie Schooner The prairie schooner is often confused with the Conestoga wagon, but they are actually two very different types of wagons. Both were horse-drawn, of course, but the Conestoga wagon was much heavier and was first used by farmers in Pennsylvania to haul crops to market. The Conestoga wagon was often pulled by teams of up to six horses. Such wagons required reasonably good roads, such as the National Road, and were simply not practical for moving westward across the plains. The prairie schooner was a lighter wagon designed to travel great distances on rough prairie trails. And the prairie schooner  could usually be pulled by a single team of horses, or sometimes even one horse. As finding food and water for animals could present a serious problem while traveling, there was an advantage to using light wagons that required fewer horses. Depending on the circumstances, prairie schooners would also be pulled by oxen or mules. How They Were Used Adapted from light farm wagons, prairie schooners generally had a canvas cover, or bonnet, supported on wooden arches. The cover provided some protection from sun and rain. The cloth cover, which was typically supported on bows of wood (or occasionally iron) could be coated with various materials to make it waterproof. The prairie schooner would typically be packed very carefully, with heavy pieces of furniture, or crates of supplies, placed low in the wagon box to keep the wagon from tipping on rough trails. With the possessions of a typical family stowed aboard the wagon, there generally wasnt much room to ride inside. The ride was often pretty rough, as the suspension was minimal. So many emigrants heading westward would simply walk alongside the wagon, with only children or the elderly riding inside. When stopped for the night, families tended to sleep under the stars. In rainy weather, families would seek to stay dry by huddling under the wagon, rather than inside it. Groups of prairie schooners often traveled together in the classic wagon trains along such routes as the Oregon Trail. When the railroads expanded throughout the American West in the late 1800s there was no longer a need to travel great distances by prairie schooner. The classic covered wagons fell out of use but became an enduring symbol of the westward migration.

Changes in Prisons in Twentieth Century in Britain Essay Example for Free

Changes in Prisons in Twentieth Century in Britain Essay In 20th century a lot of important changes was made in Britain prison system. A lot of crucial moves in this matter were made, which made changes to the system, and create the current system in prisons. A lot of reports and changes plans were made in this crucial for the matter period. The beginning for this period was made in 1895 with Gladstone report, which was highly critical of the current penal policy. It criticised existing regimes for ‘crushing self respect’ and ‘starving all moral instinct’. The report argued that reformation should coexist with deterrence and that rehabilitation should be given priority. Victorians focused upon repression and punishment. They used inflexible and punitive methods of control. Gladstone felt these should be replaced with more scientific methods of ‘treatment’. In addition, prison commissioners for the first time in 1898, defined the purpose of prison as the ‘humanisation of the individual’1. Sir Evelyn Ruggles-Brise insisted that ‘each man convicted of crime is to be regarded as an individual, as a separate entity of morality, who by the application of influences, of discipline, labour, education, moral and religious, backed up on discharge by a well organised system of patronage is capable of reinstatement in civic life’2. Weiner (1990) stated, â€Å"It is now recognised that primitive measures alone are not corrective, and effective reformation of criminals can only be attained by making our prisons true schools and moral hospitals†. Forsythe (1991) argues that new projects often fell short of the claims made for them. He says that in particular, the local and convict prisons ‘clung tenaciously to the concepts of measured punishment, moral culpability, limited deterrence and uniformly administered discipline’. It is a fact that the process of reform was often slow and not al all easy to perceive. From 1900 onwards a number of radical changes were made to the standard prison regime: 1) Unproductive labour was officially abandoned and replaced by prison industries and work considered ‘useful’, 2) The separate system was gradually eroded, allowing prisoners to work in association, 3) Education was increased and improved, 4) Internal discipline was maintained through a reward/punishment system related to the introduction of remission, 5) Specialists such as psychologists were appointed, 6) Prisoner categorisation was extended, 7) The Borstal system was introduced for juveniles, 8) A commitment to reformation became enshrined in the Prison Rule that stipulated that the purpose of imprisonment was to encourage prisoners to ‘lead a good and useful life’3, 9) During the 1930s the treadmill and arrows on convict uniforms were abolished. According to Garland (1985) the most radical reforms of this era took place outside of the prison system: 1) The introduction of the probation service, 2) Alternatives to custody emerged, 3) Construction of specialist institutions4. Garland views these major transformations as the beginnings of our current practice. Garland prefers to talk of developments in a whole realm of penality rather than prison reform5. Additionally, in 1908 Borstals6 were put on a statutory footing – implemented by Herbert Gladstone. The name Borstal comes from the village in Kent where the first Borstal scheme got its first full-scale trial. Borstals took English public schools as their model and their sentences were indeterminate. Criminals aged between 16 – 21 could be sent to Borstal for between one and three years. The prison Commission could release on licence at any time after six months (or three months for girls) and could also recall for misbehaviour. Borstal faltered after 1945 really because success rates were measured by reconviction rates. 1982 the administration of Margaret Thatcher formally abolished the Borstal and replaced it with the ‘Youth Custody Centre’ – with determinate sentences of imprisonment. Paterson7 replaced military type training with delegated authority and encouragement of personal responsibility. Staffs wore civilian clothing and were encouraged to get to know the ‘lads’ personally – considered revolutionary in the 1920s. The Borstal notion of training prisoners through personal relations, trust and responsibility gradually had an impact on the prison system as a whole. Two borstal elements were transplanted into the adult system with long lasting effects: 1. 1936 the first minimum-security (open) prison was established at New Hall, near Wakefield. 2. The housemaster was renamed ‘assistant governor’. The post war developments where about the Easier bail, Probation, Time to pay fines, a reduction in time to be served for a partial payment of fines, Reformatories for juveniles, Curtailment of imprisonment for debt and, More facilities for the insane and for habitual drunkards. In 1928 the then Home Secretary had described Dartmoor convict prison as ‘the cesspool of English humanity’ â€Å"I suppose there must be some residuum which no training or help will ever improve†8. Furthermore in 1948 Paterson and his colleagues framed Criminal justice Act. This was a highly influential piece of legislation. Borstal had represented the opposite view and resurrected the possibility of reformatory prison. Borstals and Detention Centres began to lose favour: neither for deterrence or reform was the short sentence acceptable. This is one of the elements in the English prison-crowding crisis – which became acute in the 1970s and 1980s and with which the country is still wrestling. Deterrence – Youth prisons known as Detention Centres were intended to subject boys (and half-heartedly, girls) who were thought to be on the verge of a custodial career to a last chance ‘short, sharp, shock’. Separate institutions for pre trial prisoners were planned but never created: these would be custodial but non-penal institutions. Due to the war, there were no funds and little sympathy for unconvinced detainees. McConville states that ‘thick skins and short purses ever since have ensured that English pre trial prisoners were treated worse than they were for virtually all of Victoria’s reign and much worse than their fellows who were convicted and sentenced’. The 1960s and early 1970s are seen as the beginning of the crisis years with British prisons. At last we can refer to System of Concentration. Mountbatten referred to the obvious advantages of an island prison holding all prisoners who posed a threat. A new prison was to be built on the Isle of Wight. This was rejected and the dispersal system became the preferred way of housing inmates. Since early 1966 new measurements of security have been implemented in selected prisons. Between 1969 and 1979 the prison service went through a number of riots. 70s and 80s dogged with accusations of brutality and violence directed at prisoners from the prison staff. Serious disturbances and riots had occurred in maximum-security prisons, which had led to reprisals against prisoners. British riots occurred within the new dispersal system: Parkhurst 1969, Albany 1971 & 1972, Gartree 1972, Hull 1976, and Gartree 1978. Hull riot will go down in history, as it was the prison staff who were ultimately tried and convicted. Special control units were introduced after the Gartree riot of 1972 for troublemakers over and above the existing segregation units. 1970s represent the years when reform and treatment had dwindled away and the whole prison system ran on the notion that ‘nothing works’. By 1978 both the courts and the prisons were in danger of serious collapse. Industrial relations were poor with prison staff. May Committee 1979 reported as a response to the previous troubled decade. They explored the issues of what the aim of imprisonment was; they agreed that the rhetoric of treatment and training had had its day. Finally, King and Morgan proposed the term ‘humane containment’: The current organisation of the prison system is heavily influenced by past practice. This has shaped the system that we now have today. So, it is difficult to assess progress of 20th Century. Harsh and punitive experience of prison overrides any idea of progressive treatment. Biggest rises can be seen from 1974 onwards. It is a fact that this matter is very important and serious for the society and has to be developed according to the needs of the society according to its progress at times. 1. Goffman, E. (1961) Asylums, Essays on the Social Situation of Mental Patients and Other Inmates. Harmondsworth 2. Jones, K. (1993) Asylums and After: A Revised History of the Mental Health Services from the Early Eighteenth Century to the 1990’s. 3. Morris, N and Rothman, D.J (eds). (1995) The Oxford History of the Prison. Oxford University Press. 4. Porter, R. (2002) Madness: A Brief History. Oxford University Press. 2 Ruggles-Brise quoted in Garland 1985. 3 Prison Rule 6 in 1949 but Prison Rule 1 since 1964. 4 such as Borstal where principles of rehabilitation were initiated. 5 â€Å"the prison was decentred, shifted from its position as the central and predominant sanction to become one institution among many in an extended grid of penal sanctions. Of course it continued to be of major importance, but it was now deployed in a different manner, for a narrower section of the criminal population and often as a back up sanction for other institutions, rather than a place of first resort†. Changes in Prisons in Twentieth Century in Britain. (2017, Nov 17).

Main Report Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Main Report - Essay Example The present study also makes SWOT analysis of the topic under study keeping in view cultural factors and global phenomenon within which the industry observes significant boost during the last century. The future trends and dimensions of the industry have also come in the fold of present study. The contemporary world is the world of technological advancement and hi-tech industrialization. The invention of computer sciences, information technology, internet and mobile phones have revolutionised the world at large. The businesses in the contemporary era revolve round technological advancements and industrial expertise. It is therefore, our business plan is also related to the modern technology i.e. mobile phone PDAs. PDA refers to the personal digital assistant, which interlinks telephone, internet, fax and computers with networking characteristics. "A typical PDA can function as a cellular phone, fax sender, Web browser and personal organizer. Unlike portable computers, most PDAs began as pen-based, using a stylus rather than a keyboard for input.† (Quoted in webopedia.com/TERM/P/PDA.html) Before entering into a business, it is an essential matter to have a comprehensive knowledge and information regarding the particular field where one is going to exercise his abilities on the one hand and allocate his energies and concentration on the other. Gates declares knowledge and information a reason, which distinguish an enterprise from its competitors and rivals. â€Å"The most meaningful way to differentiate your company from your competitor, the best way to put distance between you and the crowd, is to do an outstanding job with information. How you gather, manage, and use information will determine whether you win or loose.† (Gates, 1999 p 1). Strategy is an inevitable part of every corporate firm’s management plan on which all its functioning stands. All the organizations either large or small devise methods and apply techniques

History questions Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

History questions - Essay Example The concept of city-states began with them and they were known to practice some religious beliefs because of the ziggurats or the terraced temples. 2. AKKADIANS: The Akkadians who were natives of central Mesopotamia, had their own Akkadian writing using the cuneiform. Authors like Ziomkowski and Spielvogel claimed that they invented the stamps and instituted regular postal services and cadastral survey (3;6). Noble (18) said they gave us the first great warlord known to mankind and this was Sargon. 3. BABYLONIANS OR AMORITES: These inhabited lower Mesopotamia or near the Tigris-Euphrates delta. But with the conquest of the Akkadians and the Sumerians, King Hammurabi was able to carve a kingdom that unified almost the whole of Mesopotamia. Hammurabi then established the Code of Hammurabi, which was a list of judgments stressing fairness and justice among citizens. They then devised a calendar, consisting of 12 lunar months, with 30 days for each month and with 24 hours for each day. They also had a system 4. ASSYRIANS: These were warlike people in upper Mesopotamia who first utilized iron weapons and made use of chariots and cavalry. They invented battering rams and mobile towers to ensure victory in wars as well as what Noble(66) calls sapper work or excavation methods to undermine city walls of enemies. 5. 5. NEO-BABYLONIANS OR CHALDEANS: Led by King Nebuchadnezzar, these accomplished people who made a mark in astronomy, agriculture and the construction of buildings such as The Hanging Gardens of Babylon, will always be remembered for the destruction of Jerusalem and the captivity of the Jews (Noble et al 44). 6. LYDIANS: These inhabited the now northwestern Turkey and they were noted for their wealth and the beauty of its capital Sardis. Under King Croesus, they invented coinage and its minting using gold, silver and electrum. They were also the first to put up retail shops. 7. PERSIANS: These were people, who together with the Medes, occupied present day Iran. They will always be remembered because of their great warrior kings Cyrus the Great, Darius the Great and Xerxes who built one of the largest empire in the world. They also brought Zoroastrianism and a system of governance that divided the empire into 20 provinces, each ruled by a satrap and a system of road building as well as improvement of trade and a barter economy. 8. EGYPTIANS: These people were superb engineers, architects and builders. Denizens of the Nile River delta and oases, they constructed 35 pyramids, temples, obelisks and palaces. They established the art of mummification and the belief of immortality after death. They invented hieroglyphic writing on papyrus and the use of Rosetta stone to encrypt these writings. They devised irrigation and agricultural techniques and an efficient administration techniques under a vizier as well as the concept of Ma'at (Noble 25) or justice and the empowerment of